ZA-WWW, 2010 Conference

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Cloud computing: can it help to breach the digital divide in Africa, with special reference to South Africa
Jerry Le Roux, N Evans

Last modified: 2010-11-23

Abstract


Cloud computing is a “relatively” new paradigm that offers unparalleled access to computing resources in terms of hardware and software infrastructure. It has one critical requirement however, namely, fast, and reliable access to the Internet, the absence of which largely defines the digital divide. This paper briefly examines the impact that cloud computing services especially, Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) may have on narrowing the digital divide with special reference to South Africa. Although the term “cloud” has been used as a metaphor to describe the internet  since the late 1990s, cloud computing as its understood today is an Internet based computing model for the use and delivery of IT services (hardware and software) to a much wider customer base than what has been possible in the past. One of the driving forces behind this new web-based service delivery model has been the growing availability of large amounts of relatively cheap and reliable internet bandwidth in the developed world since the burst of the .com bubble at the beginning of the 21st century. South Africa’s optimism for cheaper and faster broadband connectivity arrived in 2009 with the announcement by Neotel, South Africa’s first privately owned telecommunications company, that it was about to start rolling out fibre and WiMax services to all the major centres in South Africa, and the subsequent arrival of the privately owned SEACOM undersea cable at Mtunzini on the KwaZulu-Natal North coast. Although its fibre and WiMax services will initially only be available in the main metropolitan areas it will eventually be extended to the rest of the country’s larger cities and towns. It is not yet clear if or how Neotel’s services will be extended to the country’s more rural areas but its presence in the major metropolitan areas will undoubtedly play a significant role in providing affordable connectivity to those who were previously excluded. One specific area where the new connectivity and thus cloud computing can play a major role in narrowing the digital divide is in basic education. South Africa’s twelve (12) million learners which currently represent almost twenty four percent (24%) of the country’s total population, mostly find themselves on the wrong side of the digital divide.    


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